Imperialism The Age Of Imperialism - 1010 Words

Indira Yuldasheva C band Expansionism Essay The late 19th century and early 20th century is known as the â€Å"Age of Imperialism†, a period in which major world powers, including the United States, adopted a policy of expansionism. Expansionism is defined as the policy of territorial or economic expansion, which is often achieved through diplomacy or military force. During this time period, the United States notably acquired territory in the Pacific and Latin America. The nation’s growing colonial empire was not the beginning of American expansionism, which started long before the late 19th century. U.S. expansionism in the late 19th century and early 20th century continued the nation’s tradition of justifying expansionism with the†¦show more content†¦When Native American tribes refused to assimilate, they were forced to relocate beyond the Mississippi River and eventually forced into reservations. This is seen in John Gast’s painting â€Å"American Progress†, in which a fair angelic female figure leads American settlers West, driving out the Native Americans and the darkness that surrounds them. The U.S. used similar justifications to acquire the Philippines. American troops fought to suppress the Filipino independence movement after Spain sold the territory to the U.S., and hundreds of thousands of Filipinos died in the process. Senator Albert Beveridge claimed that the â€Å"Malay children of barbarism† were not capable of self-government, and President McKinley issued the Benevolent Assimilation Proclamation, claiming that the U.S. have come â€Å"to protect the natives in their homes, in their employment, and in their personal and religious rights.† The U.S. continued to advertise their invasions as a gesture to â€Å"civilize† the native peoples in the Philippines, just like it had in the Louisiana Purchase, showing repeating patterns in U.S. expansionism. The Philippines was finally granted independence in 1946 u nder the Tydings-McDuffy Act, but not until after America had a chance â€Å"to educate the Filipinos, and uplift and civilize and Christianize them†, like President McKinley intended. While U.S. expansionism in the late 19th century andShow MoreRelatedImperialism : The Age Of New Imperialism1048 Words   |  5 PagesImperialism is defined as a strong economic and political empire takes over a weaker economic and political empire. Stronger empires conquered weaker empires to industrialize the land and to weaken other threating empires. To build a strong empire, a nation must use their military power to conquer a weaker nation, take the supplies and goods to support the mother nation, and use the supplies and goods to benefit your own empire by conquering even more empires. Imperialism did not begin in the twentiethRead MoreThe Age of Imperialism635 Words   |  3 Pages During the period of 1850 until about 1910 there was an age of Imperialism. Imperialism is the policy of extending a nation’s political and economic dominance or control over another territory or country. Imperialism was important to the political power of many nations for the Eastern and Western. It added wealth, status and increased their military strength. With the strength of their military they are able to maintain their authority all over the world by using their colonies as supply bases andRead MoreAge of Imperialism2874 Words   |  12 PagesUniversity of Phoenix Material American Imperialism Part 1 Complete the chart by identifying the following: †¢ Identify the countries or areas where the United States engaged in imperialistic actions during the period from about 1870 to 1914. (Michele Stafford) †¢ Discuss why each area was important to American empire building (political, economic, and social). - KRISTY †¢ Explain America’s expansionist ideals. What were some of the factors that justified American imperialist actionsRead MoreThe Age of Imperialism Essay1573 Words   |  7 PagesImperialism was a time period in which more developed nations colonized less developed nations. The developed nations took advantage of the less developed nations resources, people, lands, and much more. Many countries lost their freedom and independence due to imperialism, however, they also received new technologies and innovations. Since there were many nations involved, there were many attributes that led up to imperialism. Firstly, the Europeans wanted economic expansion. Since the industrialRead MoreThe Age Of New Imperialism1944 Words   |  8 PagesThe ‘Age of New Imperialism’ in Britain was a time of prosperity and total domination. Compared to previous years of imperialism, this period was focused primarily on benefitting the colonial power, Britain, instead of establishing new settlements. Even though the British imperialism of the late 19th century/early 20th century brought great wealth, knowledge, and technological advancements to the country, it was at the expense of many ‘other’ people in the empire. Britain, and Europe as a wholeRead MoreThe Age Of Industrialization And Imperialism1220 Words   |  5 Pagesand militarization and the development of new technology and warfare at the beginning of the four year long war. At the mark of the new year, Europe found itself supreme and leading in most all categories relevant to the West. The age of industrialization and imperialism had just commenced and Europeans found themselves center stage in science, culture, economics, and fashion. Following the Napoleonic wars and the Congress of Vienna, European affairs had been relatively peaceful, other than smallRead MoreAmerica s Age Of Imperialism846 Words   |  4 PagesWithin history, Imperialism has been the driving force behind the massive stretches of kingdoms across the world. The word Imperialism is derived from the Latin word Imperium; meaning: to rule over large territories. Imperialism itself means â€Å"a policy of extending a country s power and influence through colonization, use of military force, or other means.† In the 19th century Imperialism was used to great effect by Europeans in their African colonies; Cecil Rhodes who founded the De Beers MiningRead MoreThe United States : An Ag e Of Imperialism1875 Words   |  8 PagesBy late the nineteenth century the world was in an Age of Imperialism. The foremost European powers were all competing and swiftly increasing their territorial claims. Americans have always felt the desire to grow and expand the United States, they ultimately proved that with Manifest Destiny, when they settled from the east to the west coast. The idea of expansion overseas was something not new to the United States. The war against Mexico had allowed the United States to be carried into the PacificRead MoreThe Gilded Age And Imperialism Expansion1827 Words   |  8 Pagescan be paradoxical The Gilded Age or Imperialism expansion examine the conflicting values that America held for each. The gilded age was a period in history that caused a vast transformation due to the increase of American industrialization. Values and attitudes toward The Gilded Age varied. The poor workers often saw the changed caused by the Gilded Age as corrupt, where the rich business men looked at it as a positive change. The poor laborers in the gilded age often viewed the change that occurredRead MoreThe Age Of America s New Imperialism1668 Words   |  7 PagesImperialism in the 1890s The 1890’s was the age of America’s new imperialism. The idea of imperialism resulted from the belief of Manifest Destiny, the idea of expanding America’s frontier from coast to coast was destined by God. The continuation of filling up western land created a closed frontier, pushing America to expand to other places outside of the mainland. The principle of expanding to other areas was to help America become a world power. The closing of the frontier was introduced by

Exploration of the Ways that Shakespeare Makes Act One...

Exploration of the Ways that Shakespeare Makes Act One Scene Five of Romeo and Juliet Dramatically Effective Romeo and Juliet is a tragic love story which was written in the late fifteen hundreds during the Elizabethan period. The play revolves around prominent paradoxical themes of love and hate. The play portrays the romance between Romeo and Juliet, the son and daughter of two feuding families living in Verona, both of very high status. The play also involves the theme of fate; this is initially shown in the prologue, â€Å"Two star-crossed lovers†. The audience knows that Romeo and Juliet will meet, this is obvious purely from the title of the play, this helps build tension until it reaches a†¦show more content†¦Capulet then says â€Å"And quench the fire, the room is gorwn too hot† This phrase is to continue to put across how many people are in the party and having fun. All the people dancing have made the room hot. Next, the sudden interruption of Capulet and cousin Capulet’s conversation by Romeo instantly brings attention to this part of the scene. â€Å"What lady’s that which doth enrich the hand of yonder knight?† Following this comment is an aura of mystery which dramatically builds tension as the audience try to figure out who Montague’s son is talking about. As it becomes apparent that Juliet is the â€Å"beauty† Romeo is enthralled by tension builds even more. This speech also severely contrasts with Capulet’s playful, excitable language. This adds to drawing attention to the scene. Also, during Romeo’s speech Shakespeare uses rhyming couplets to express its significance to the play. Shakespeare also uses irony here to keep the attention of the audience. â€Å"So shows a snowy dove† This is ironic because the audience already knows that this will end in tragedy from the prologue, â€Å"Take their life† A dove represents p eace and this irony further dramatizes the scene. Alliteration is also used to bring attention to this line. The interruption of Tybalt, immediately talking of violence â€Å"Fetch me my rapier† has once again broken up the scene and

Across Five Aprils Free Essays

In the book Across Five Aprils, by Irene Hunt, is set in the 1800’s during the civil war between the Union, the northern parts of America, and the confederation, the southern parts of America. The story sets off on a farm in southern Illinois, where Jethro and his mother, Ellen Creighton, live with his 8 siblings. As the war escalates, Jethro’s older brothers and his teacher go to help the war effort. We will write a custom essay sample on Across Five Aprils or any similar topic only for you Order Now Most of his brothers join the Union but Bill, his favorite brother, goes to join the Confederation. As the story progresses each of the brothers send mails to the family describing how to warfront is doing, which was contrary to how the newspapers described the warfront. After every victory and every loss, the public opinion about the war and the Generals change from the slightest bit of news they hear. In the early stages of the war, Ulysses S. Grant early victories for the Union at Fort Henry and Fort Donelson. The family celebrates the victory, knowing nothing of how terrible the battles truly were. After General Grant’s victories, people start to doubt and compare General McClellan, who was once featured in the newspaper in the north as being a â€Å"Brilliant† General. Later on in the war, the Union forces suffer great losses and General Grant is harshly criticized by the press, who is later praised by the press and the people after the Battle of Gettysburg. This shows how easily influenced people are. They harshly criticize or overly glorify after every battle and change their opinions about the Generals. Jethro shows his distrust to the press and other people’s opinions when he is asked if he is going against General Grant. He replies by saying â€Å"No, I ain’t. Things went against him-â€Å"(Ch6 pg. 100). As the war is raging throughout the land, Jethros family receives letters from his brothers. In those letters they describe the terrors of war but try to moderate how much they put in the letter to not make the family worry. Jethro watches as people are overjoyed by the victories and angry about losses. Jethro realizes that there is great contrast between the victories described by his brothers and the victories described in the newspapers. At the near end of the war, Jethro watches as the same people who criticized grant and the Union, cheer and say that â€Å"I told you so – old Unconditional Surrender Grant is the man who will win the war. †(Ch10 pg. 168). This demonstrates how easily people are swayed and how easily they are able change their opinions. How to cite Across Five Aprils, Papers

Louis Vuitton free essay sample

By 1977, the company owned two stores in Japan with annual profits of US$IO million Until Louis Vuitton, the strategy for usiness in Japan for multinational companies was to send their products through Japanese distributors (Nagasawa, 2009a). LV was the first company that took different approach and strategy of opening its own store in Japan. LV also hired Japans top designer for the Japanese Market products. In fact, LVtired to localize their products for Japanese to attract more customers as they saw the demand for the luxury In this market. One way LV localized their products was the use of Japans Classic Monogram Canvas Print on their bags, which was inspired by Japanese floral print. One way to how the success of LVs business model is by using the four Ps. How did LV enter into the Japanese market originally? What are the other entry strategies adopted later to strengthen Its presence? Enter of LV in Japanese market started in mid of the year 1970 however thanks to Vuitton Recamier family who was concentrated majorly on building the Japanese clientele. LV opted for the newer strategy through opening their individual shop in shops in between Japan without help of the Japanese distributor. Louis Vuitton turned out towards being the pioneer in establishing their Individual subsidiary as ell as exporting products directly from the France to Japan. However, hiring the domestic Chief Executive Officer along with managers for leading Louis Vuitton within Japan permitted brand for doing business much more efficiently trusting they have been much more capable of making market driven decision, as they have been capable of better understanding domestic people (Salllard, 2009). However, through providing architectural stores with the interior design comparable to found In their flagship stores within Paris, Louis Vuitton has been capable of revolutionizing entire buying experience in store matching emotion brought out hrough products. For strengthening their presence within the Japan Louis Vuitton opted for many others strategies, like hiring Marc Jacob who was created new energy for every ready collaborating with the Japanese artists along with launching lesser editions products (exclusivity perceive through consumers) that allows Louis Vuitton to enhance their profit right away. With Japanese economic boom of 1980, Louis Vuitton saw the real option along with decided for entering within this Asian market. However the strategy adopted through company had been totally separate along with uncommon from rest of the world ide actors. Rather, Louis Vuitton had been initially multinational for opening their individual shop in shops through establishing their own subsidiaries, concentrated on only 1 brand of their portfolio. L V did not use usual supply chain schema along with help of the Japanese distributors however exported their products, straightly from France to Japan. Such a strategy provides real benefit to company, underlying higher quality of their production along with distribution systems. LV strategy had original in fact, which that gave the stronger autonomy towards their subsidiaries, and power about market riven decisions. LV trusted Japanese managers along with started on its perfect comprehension as well as knowledge of domestic people, domestic culture along with local consumer behavior. For strengthening their presence in the Japan, LV gave some flexibility towards Japanese market through designating that the place for test newer products and for opening open avantgardist stores, with help of renowned Japanese designers as well as artists. Opportunities and challenges are explained in details by the SWOT analysis. Strengths: Worlds number one luxury brand, high standard product quality, lifetime roducts warranty, well established market in many parts of the world including Japan, luxury products variety, attention to distribution internationally. Weaknesses: Main source of revenue is still bags; only product manufacturing is in Europe, not able to make products for lower income market, no mobile application for any market, controlling multinational business. Opportunities: No expended to the whole Japan, Target middle class, different age group, adopt social and culture relation with fashion Threats: Counterfeiting worldwide, competition with other luxury brands, keeping ontrol of the multinational business, reducing the dependence on the Japanese market, economic crisis can decline the market. Japan has been known for its culture in which there a real pressure to possess luxury and brand named items. In Japan, younger women were more beauty conscious so they want to own a luxury, expensive and famous items. To shop for luxury, expensive Psychological need to own something considered to be beautiful. Japanese society could be described as an impersonal society in which looks were very important, and people were supposed to dress in a way that corresponded to their social ositions (Nagasawa, 2009a). Some of the specifics are: Highly saturated or over saturated market Very high competition High barriers to entry Availability of price comparison web sites, auction web sites and online stores are making market for luxury fashion more difficult. The tendency of having It bag is fading with new concepts like Rent It Louis Vuitton entered Japan market as a shop-in-shop, which allowed them to conduct business without Japanese distributors and also get to know the demand of Japanese market. The products were controlled completely by Louis Vuitton even in Japan because they had the items shipped directly to their shop-in-shop business. It appears that the entry in to Japan was well planned by Louis Vuitton management. The rich culture and social habits of women to be distinctively beautiful and show me what have you got attitude was tempting enough. Then LV planned to go into the market without any local distributers and opening own distribution units and channels. Louis Vuittons strategy in Japanese market made them pioneer of the luxury brand in Japan. LV treated Japan as testing grounds of its strategies and trengthened the brand identity by flawless gigantism architecture of the stores and celebration of Japanese artist in product designer and worldwide launch. Just like any other industry LV has taken a hit from the economic meltdown of last few years. Decrease in customers can lower the profitability due to economy. Louis Vuitton might have to lower the prices to be competitive and profitable and to gain more customers in the economic crisis (Nagasawa, 2010). One of the main reason is that people are reevaluating their need of luxury brand and so they turn to less expensive brand name or counterfeiting items. Some of the ways to overcome these challenges are incentives to loyal customers, awareness of counterfeiting and competitors. The Louis Vuitton brand pronounced its power in the luxury apparel category through years of specifically constructing and maintaining its brand equity as a fashion leader. The brands global dominance as a fashion innovator is recognized by its LV monogram branding, that communicates its reputation and classiness today even more than it did when created in 1896. Louis Vuittons equity is the most valuable amongst luxury apparel brands. To maintain that position, the brand must Using varied strategies from the Ansoffs product matrix will aid the brand in sustaining its market share in this highly competitive market (Castets, 2009). Louis Vuittons brand category is luxury apparel and accessories. They have a ready- to-wear line for men and women, shoes, watches, Jewelry, and sunglasses, and they are famous for their extravagant handbags. What are the specifics of the Japanese fashion luxury market? Consumer behavior has been one of biggest specific of Japanese fashion luxury market. Japanese method of consumption has been separate from Western one, as hey have been called to be the group related culture in that there had been actual pressure for possessing the luxury brands, its methods of consuming those looks more like the compulsory form of the social expression. And with sufficient marketing strategies successful luxury brand had made Japanese luxury market big market. Apart from that, Japanese customers have often been sensitive towards quality, price, and creativity along with higher fashion these have been the important factors for the successful brands in Japanese market. Will LV have any new challenges arise due to the global financial crisis? How does it overcome the new challenges? As described earlier there has been the shift within the Japanese customer preferences along with this has been even much more highlighted because of the global financial crisis. Rather, days of charging the higher price for products having proprietary logo looked to be gone within the Japan. In the time of recession Japanese customers have been becoming much more aware about value of money. However, counterfeiting seemed even in Japanese market in which quality has been one of important factors within act of buying the luxury goods along with this became he bigger challenge for LV. Now that fake bags have been hard to differentiate from genuine ones, Japanese customer would purchase fake LV bags, which they would use for daily life, even if they own authentic, which they would save for important occasions. As there had been sustained slowdown in demand for luxury goods in the year 2008 to 2009 because of the global recession, Japanese luxury market would remain the healthy as well as increasing industry along with strategic decisions may overcome those challenges. On the contrary LV has decided to reduce their prices however they ad made 7% price reduction on their range of products. On the contrary LV designated Kiyotaka FuJii the new CEO that initial change in Japanese management team (Nagasawa, 2009a). Such a change in the management range of the products for children, sales of smaller products (wallets, sunglasses), spreading the business on web, expanding their strategies as well as opening the newer stores in the mid-size cities in which brand has not been well know. Conclusion: had made 7% price reduction on their range of products. On the contrary LV designated Kiyotaka FuJii the new CEO that initial change in Japanese management team.

Child and Adolescent Development Love, Hate, and Reparation

The introduction General knowledge When speaking about such issues as love, hate and reparation, one is to keep in mind that such emotional responses seem to be the most common ones. It should be pointed out that these emotional manifestations are born in mind and, thus, influence people’s behavior.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Child and Adolescent Development: Love, Hate, and Reparation specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, the most important fact, which should be highlighted, is that the above-mentioned emotional responses are comprehended by people in different ways. In other words, one is to understand that individual perceptions of various feelings determine the way people conduct themselves in relation to others. The body Love, hate and reparation: the fundamentals Of course, it is obvious that love seems to be a good feeling or an emotional response. Feelings of love can be associa ted with security and safety, (when a person is in love with smb., he or she feels safe and calm), i.e. there are no exogenous irritants, which can cause negative feelings. On the other hand, it is also necessary to keep in mind that, sometimes, a strong feeling of responsibility is also caused by love. For instance, when speaking about the child and the adult, it becomes evident that the adult wants to protect the child from numerous destructive issues. However, the most interesting fact is that love and hate are controlled by unconscious centers of our mind. For this reason, one can suppose that such emotional responses seem to be mostly intrinsic. Still, when speaking about the child, it is necessary to point out that the baby’s response (love) is spontaneous, and it is recognized to be the so-called feedback. On the other hand, making reparation is also an important element of love, which is to be analyzed. Thus, there is a need to point out that the feeling of guilty, w hich occurs when a person injures somebody, impacts on our desire to be forgiven. Even when a person feels good, there is the so-called unconscious feeling of guilty, which makes us feel uncertain. Another interesting aspect, which should be analyzed, is associated with infancy. Infantile thinking, however, seems to be appropriate kind of thinking not only for children, but also for adults. In other words, one can make a conclusion that there are some cases, when childish thoughts appear in mind of the adults. â€Å"It must beAdvertising Looking for critical writing on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More recognized, therefore, that in a certain sense psychoanalysts do attribute infantile thinking to grownups, while, at the same time, distinguishing between the adult and the infantile personality and mode of thought† (Klein Riviere 6). Taking into the above-mentioned statement, it becomes obvious that when the e motional responses are expressed individually, their origin is in our mind, i.e. there are unconscious reactions, which cause a certain behavioral response. The same can be said about hate. It may sound strange, but pleasant feelings can also be caused by such emotional manifestations, as aggression and hate. They say that the struggle for existence is determined by both positive and negative emotions. So, hate, as such, may guarantee that a person will overcome certain obstacles, in order to achieve a certain aim. Generally, one is to keep in mind that love, hate and reparation are considered to be self-preservative feelings. The conclusion Experiencing love, hate and reparation seems to be one of the most important dynamics in people’s interpersonal relations. The above-mentioned emotional responses are considered to be the so-called constituents of a family law. The way people express their feelings or emotional manifestations depends upon both conscious and unconscious pr ocesses, although, the origin of the psychological responses is mostly unconscious. Works Cited Klein, Melanie, and Joan, Riviere. Love, Hate and Reparation, New York: W. W. Norton Company, Inc., 1964. Print. This critical writing on Child and Adolescent Development: Love, Hate, and Reparation was written and submitted by user Maginty to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

An Experience That Made a Difference essays

An Experience That Made a Difference essays It was June 2008. Kathy, Zach, Danny, Nika and I just returned from the annual family reunion. It was mid-day when we arrived. I pulled in the drive, and said Man, am I sure glad to be home". Kathy turned to me and said, Me too! The kids got out, and grabbed a few things to start unloading from the weekend. I unloaded the rest of our belongings, since it just went into the shed in the backyard. Kathy and I had been having marital issues for some time now. She decided that she needed to get away and go visit some old friends of hers. They lived down near down in southern parts of Missouri Columbia, MO. So she went on a road trip and was to return in two days: Tuesday. It was Tuesday, June 24th, 2008. I woke up alone this morning, feeling kind of sluggish from the long week-end. Kathy and I loved to drink together. I went about my normal morning: grabbing the ole cup of Joe and a cigarette before hopping in the shower to head off to work. I worked two jobs at the time. I had talked to Kathy a few times throughout the day and was excited to have her back home. I left my day job and headed to the part-time where I was a custodian for a business, usually working around three hours. I was thrilled she would be there when I got there. I finished my shift, but I hadnt heard from Kathy for a few hours. So I called and got no answer. Not thinking anything was wrong I went about my business and never got a return call from her. I began to worry, since she should have already been home. I called Zachary, my stepson, to see if he had heard anything from mom yet. He hadnt heard from her at all either. I stopped to grab some beer before I got home. So I raced home. At this point I was getting paranoid, thinking of all types of scenarios since I couldnt get a hold of her. I was starting to think now she never left, she is ditching me and the kids; I have pushed her to the limit with the drin...

What are the advantages and disadvantages of having a directly elected Essay

What are the advantages and disadvantages of having a directly elected president of the Commision for the European Union - Essay Example These six states included Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg and France. During the Second World War, Europe lost many lives and it was economically affected to a great extent. The atomic bombings in Hiroshima and Nagasaki and the Holocaust adversely affected Europe greatly. This aroused a calling for a United States of Europe from leaders such as Winston Churchill. Coal and steel were the raw materials in making weapons of war and these two industries were integrated. This led to the signing of the coal and steel treaties. However, based on the Coal and Steel Treaty success, the six nations have continued to expand their cooperation to other states responding to different emerging challenges in the world. Previously, many European states had been unified through force by empires such as, Roman Empire, Frankish Empire, Ottoman Empire and many others, the European Union confederation emphasized on democracy (Tallberg 2005). The devastating effects of war triggered many leaders to be on the fore front to advocate for a more unified Europe and their determination to curb violent conflicts among European countries in future. On 1st November, 1993, the Maastricht Treaty is signed which created the European Union. This means that European Union is as a result of evolution from one level of cooperation within the member states in the union to the othe r. The gradual integration since the end of World War II has made the member states gain confidence in each other to an extent of even creating a single currency union that allows for free trade amongst them. Governance in the European is complex and integrated. It is divided into seven institutions including; European Parliament, Council, Commission, Central Bank, Court of Auditors, Council of the EU and the Court of Justice of the EU. Each of the above institution is mandated to undertake certain duties and responsibilities. The paper seeks to explain the advantages and

The Asylum and Immigration Act 2004 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Asylum and Immigration Act 2004 - Essay Example This discussion briefly overviews the main aspects of this Act and expresses concerns regarding its effects from non-governmental agencies. The Act contains provisions that merge the present immigration appeals structure into a streamlined appeals process with little chance for further appeals by an immigrant. It also addresses undocumented immigrants and disallows financial support from family members outside the UK after appellant is cleared to depart the UK. Further provisions include human trafficking, a continuation of the 'safe third country' measure and lists behaviours, spelled out for the first time in the Act, which could destroy an immigrant applicant's credibility. The Act also includes provisions introducing procedures to reinstate payments of benefits of an immigrant's back-dated integration loan and introduces modifications to homelessness regulations in order that a refugee must attain an association with local authorities. In addition, the Act establishes further legal consequences for those persons who come to the UK lacking proper documentation. As of its enactment, the Act makes it a crime for a pers on not to have a valid document identifying their nationality and identity to the immigration authorities upon arrival in the UK. "A person shall be presumed not to have a valid document if s/he fails to produce it at the request of an immigration officer" ("Explanatory Notes", 2004). Critics charge that, in particular, this Act does not express a national desire to preserve the human rights of immigrants, especially in the case of women for whom there is inadequate protection both internationally and nationally from the realities of gender discrimination. The Refugee Council is of the opinion that this Act punishes refugees for being just that, refugees, which by definition probably have insufficient travel or citizenship documentation from the country they are escaping. According to the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, "in most cases a person fleeing from persecution will have arrived with the barest necessities and very frequently without personal documents" (Refugee Council, 2004). Refugees escaping from state instituted acts of persecution can hardly obtain travel documentation of any type such as a passport from the governmental entity that is itself responsible for the persecutory actions from which the refugees are escaping. The immigrant/ref ugee may explain and defend their right to asylum but they must still prove their legal right to be in the country. If they cannot provide proper proof in the form of documentation, they will be subject to criminal court procedures and subsequent penalties. The major concern regarding this no-win situation for refugees is the plight of women in particular. Women are less likely than men to possess even the initial ability to obtain travel documentation or personal identifying papers on their own. Many countries do not allow women this privilege without the consent of a male family member. This Act, in short, penalises female refugees more so than men, a group already more severely persecuted on a worldwide scale than are men. A provision (Section Four) of the Act, makes human trafficking of persons either into or out of the UK for the purposes of a exploitation criminal

Summarize the article, Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Summarize the article, - Essay Example The time for the study was four weeks, which was the estimated duration for each treatment application to the sample population. The research on phase III trial of patients contributed in gaining additional evidence that patients with bone metastases and breast cancer would be treated effectively with denosumab than with zoledronic acid. Such aids in maintaining quality of life, preventing hypercalcemia of malignancy and delaying bone radiation, as well as SREs (Martin, Bell and Bourgeois et al., 2012). Denosumab treatment also aids in minimizing renal toxicity risks, all forms of acute-phase reactions and establishing a convenience of the subcutaneous administration. These outcomes of denosumab are also evidenced in preventing skeletal based complications among patients that have bone metastases and breast cancer. As such, the study was able to identify the effective treatment, which breast cancer patients should be given for better

Relationship Between Activity Level and Happiness

Relationship Between Activity Level and Happiness Correlation Study of the Relationship between Three Variables Introduction Personality is one of the key things that psychologists assess, and it is comprised of various things. Happiness, activity-level and sociability are key aspects in the life of every person, and they differ from person to person. These are one of the components of a person’s personality, and there are various causes of the differences in these key life elements. There are considerable differences between males, and females, and it shows that gender impact a number of aspects in the lives of people. Age also has an impact on these aspects, and there are notable variations as a person ages. International personality item pool test is a tool that is used in psychology to assess various aspects of an individual. It was created in the year 1999 by Goldberg, and the aspects that it assesses are emotional stability, agreeableness, openness, extraversion, and conscientiousness. These are personality elements that psychologists can use when describing an individual. It was a tool that was aimed at standardising the people’s psychological assessment, and it contains 50 questions. The five elements that it contains are divided into six subscales. It is a tool that has been widely used by researchers when looking at the differences between ethnic groups; genders; and age groups. Gender and age have an influence on happiness, activity-level and sociability. These aspects can be summed up in the personality elements that are assessed using the international item pool test. There is considerable change that occurs in a person’s level of activity as they age. This change usually starts to occur as a person enters school and it usually a decline. The decline continues until it reaches a level where a person has a sedentary lifestyle when he or she is old. The activity level between males and females is different with the latter having a less level than the former. There are researchers who however attribute this difference to be because of socialisation rather than the biological differences between the two sexes. Age has an impact on the level of happiness, and researchers have found various results when comparing the young and the elderly in terms of their level of happiness. Cooper et al. (2011) found that there are various factors that determine the level of happiness in various age groups. There is a proposed happiness factor that increases as a person passes the age of 46, and this impacted by things like age, gender, and external circumstances. The level of happiness between men and women is different, but is difficult to clearly state that one gender in happier than the other. There are men who are happier than women, and the same is true for women. This is because happiness in the current environment is determines by factors that affect both men and women in equal measure. This is unlike in the past where many women were restricted by the traditional gender roles, and this made a lot of them unhappy. Sociability is a key trait that individuals possess, and it is different between two people. Men are usually more sociable than women because of the freedoms that they have from the time that they are small. In childhood, there are fewer restrictions that are placed on boys on what they can do as compared to girls. Sociability also differs between the young and the old, with a majority of the young people being more sociable. As people age, many become lonely and are not able to move about easily as they did when in years past because of illness, or aging body. Discussion A negative correlation between the level of activity, and happiness was found, and this is similar with the results of some studies that show that old people are happier than the young. This similarity is because those who are old have been shown to have a reduced level of activity. The increased level of happiness in old age has been attributed to having a lifelong partner, and the decrease in responsibility like children who grow up, and leave the homes to become independent. The study also found out that the score of happiness decreased as the score of sociability increased, and this is an inverse relationship. This finding is supported by research that shows that the old people are not as sociable as the young, but they are happier. Various literatures have shown that there age has an impact on the level of happiness, and even though the elderly are lonely, they still live a happy life that is not mainly focused on the interaction with various people. The results however differ with others findings, which show that the young people are happy because they are able to socialise with various people. It also contradicts other research that found that women are less happy in certain settings because the society places restrictions on them regarding their level of socialisation. The difference in the amount of activity between men and women leads to a contradiction of the findings of the study because some studies have shown that men and women in the current world setup are equally happy because of increasing equality. This disproves the findings that the level of activity may have an influence on the level of happiness as was seen in the results of the study. This would mean that men are less happy than women because they are more active, and yet other studies have not been able to show this correlation. The results also showed that there is no significant level of difference of activity between the two genders. This contradicts the findings of other researchers, which have shown that there is considerable difference in the level of activity between men and women. Many studies show that men are more physically active than women, and they tend to take tasks that require a lot of physical activity. From this, it is hard to link the results of this study to what was previously found. The difference is due to genetics, and the musculature of men as compared to that of women, and the results of the study, therefore, shows that even though there is a genetic and biological difference, the level of activity is nearly the same. It was also found that those who are below the age of 60 years have nearly the same level of activity as those who are above the age of 60 years. This totally disagrees with the findings of many studies that show that the level of activity decreases as a person ages. Past results, therefore, show that those who are above the age of 60 are less physically active than those who are below the age of 60. These results are disputed by past findings that show that as a person ages, there are physical changes that occur that lead to a reduction in the amount of physical activity that they can perform. This is the reason many people who are above 60 years of age live a sedentary lifestyle. The results of the study that were aimed at looking at the age and gender differences in the level of happiness, activity level; and sociability differ with a majority of research that have been conducted. There are, however, studies that have found similar findings and show that there may not be major changes in the activity level between men and women. Researches with similar findings as the study also show that a high level of activity may have a negative impact on happiness. This may be true when focusing on the traditional roles of women who were unhappy with the many duties that were placed on them by the society. References Cooper, C., Bebbington, P., King, M., Jenkins, R., Farrell, M., Brugha, T., McManus, S.,Stewart, R., Livingston G. (2011). Happiness across age groups: results from the 2007 National Psychiatric Morbidity Survey. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry, 26(6), 608-614. Ehrharta, K. H., Roeschb, S. C., Ehrhartb, M. G., Kilianc, B. (20008). A Test of the Factor Structure Equivalence of the 50-Item IPIP Five-Factor Model Measure Across Gender and Ethnic Groups. Journal of Personality Assessment, 90(5), 507-516. Singh, A., Misra, N. (2009). Loneliness, depression and sociability in old age. Ind Psychiatry J. 18(1), 51–55.

Focal Dystonia of the Hand, And What the Brain Has To Do With It :: Biology Essays Research Papers

Focal Dystonia of the Hand, And What the Brain Has To Do With It The body is complicated, and often the origins of a condition are all but obvious. Focal dystonia of the hand is one disorder whose underlying cause has been found in the more recent past. Although it can be genetic (1), the form of focal dystonia of the hand I look at here is caused by environmental factors (2). Focal dystonia of the hand is a condition characterized by a loss in motor control of one or more fingers. A single muscle or group of muscles is involved: muscles in the hand and forearm tense and tighten, with the result of making the hand (or part of it) curl (2). Musicians who have intensively practiced their instruments over a number of years are a group most affected by this condition. The reason is that focal dystonia can be caused by the repetitive movement of the fingers over a significant period of time. The condition was long known as "occupational hand cramp." (3). It can easily be misdiagnosed as simple overuse or stress of the hand (1). Although it may not be obvious at first sight of the symptoms, the level at which the problem is caused is not the hand, but the brain. Researchers at the University of Konstanz report "overlap or smearing of the homuncular organization of the representation of the digits in the primary somatosensory cortex" (3). Given that functions such as motor control cross over from the right side of the body to be represented in the left hemisphere, they found that the distance between the representations of individual fingers was smaller in the somatosensory cortex side corresponding to the hand that had undergone continued repetitious training (the left hand in case of violin players for example). What does all this mean in terms of the brain? Looking at the central nervous system as an input-output system, in very simple terms we can observe that a specific input is presented over and over again - in this case the stimulation of the fingers that play the violin - and as a result the organization within the box changes. More specifically, there is a one-to-one correspondence between input and internal representations of this input: all fingers are individually represented on the somatosensory cortex. But somehow, as these regions of representation begin to smear or overlap, the one-to-one correspondence is blurred.